ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS® is a fellowship of men and women who share their experience, strength and hope with each other that they may solve their common problem and help others to recover from alcoholism.The only requirement for membership is a desire to stop drinking. There are no dues or fees for A.A. membership; we are self-supporting through our own contributions.
A.A. is not allied with any sect, denomination, politics, organization or institution; does not wish to engage in any controversy; neither endorses nor opposes any causes.
Our primary purpose is to stay sober and help other alcoholics to achieve sobriety.
In 1951 the Lasker Award was given Alcoholics Anonymous. The citation reads in part as follows:
“The American Public Health Association presents a Lasker Group Award 1951 to Alcoholics Anonymous in recognition of its unique and highly successful approach to that age-old public health and social problem, alcoholism… In emphasizing alcoholism as an illness, the social stigma associated with this condition is being blotted out… Historians may one day recognize Alcoholics Anonymous to have been a great venture in social pioneering which forged a new instrument for social action; a new therapy based on the kinship of common suffering; one having vast a potential for the myriad other ills of mankind.”
Our common welfare should come first; personal recovery depends upon A.A. unity.
For our group purpose there is but one ultimate authority—a loving God as He may express Himself in our group conscience. Our leaders are but trusted servants; they do not govern.
The only requirement for A.A. membership is a desire to stop drinking.
Each group should be autonomous except in matters affecting other groups or A.A. as a whole.
Each group has but one primary purpose—to carry its message to the alcoholic who still suffers.
An A.A. group ought never endorse, finance, or lend the A.A. name to any related facility or outside enterprise, lest problems of money, property, and prestige divert us from our primary purpose.
Every A.A. group ought to be fully self-supporting, declining outside contributions.
Alcoholics Anonymous should remain forever non-professional, but our service centers may employ special workers.
A.A., as such, ought never be organized; but we may create service boards or committees directly responsible to those they serve.
Alcoholics Anonymous has no opinion on outside issues; hence the A.A. name ought never be drawn into public controversy.
Our public relations policy is based on attraction rather than promotion; we need always maintain personal anonymity at the level of press, radio, and films.
Anonymity is the spiritual foundation of all our traditions, ever reminding us to place principles before personalities.
1- We admitted we were powerless over alcohol—that our lives had become unmanageable.
2- Came to believe that a Power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity.
3- Made a decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God as we understood Him.
4- Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves.
5- Admitted to God, to ourselves, and to another human being the exact nature of our wrongs.
6- Were entirely ready to have God remove all these defects of character.
7- Humbly asked Him to remove our shortcomings.
8- Made a list of all persons we had harmed, and became willing to make amends to them all.
9- Made direct amends to such people wherever possible, except when to do so would injure them or others.
10- Continued to take personal inventory and when we were wrong promptly admitted it.
11- Sought through prayer and meditation to improve our conscious contact with God as we understood Him, praying only for knowledge of His will for us and the power to carry that out.
12- Having had a spiritual awakening as the result of these steps, we tried to carry this message to alcoholics, and to practice these principles in all our affairs.
الکلی های گمنام انجمن افرادی است که با بهره گیری از تجربه، امید و اتکاء به یکدیگر بر آنند تا مشکل مشترک شان را حل کنند و دیگر مبتلایان را نیز در بهبودی از بیماری الکلیسم یاری دهند.
تنها لازمه عضویت تمایل به ترک الکل است.
. در الکلی های گمنام حق عضویتی وجود ندارد و ما از طریق شرکت داوطلبانه در مخارج انجمن خودکفا هستیم. الکلی های گمنام با هیچ انجمن سیاسی، دینی و یا اجتماعی پیوستگی ندارد و مایل به موضع گیری در مسائل اجتماعی نیست و هیچ اصولی را رد یا قبول نمی کند. هدف اصلی ما هوشیاری و کمک به دیگر الکلی هاست تا به هوشیاری برسند .
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) was founded in 1935 by Bill Wilson (known as Bill W.) and Dr. Robert Smith (known as Dr. Bob). Subsequently, The history of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) has been documented in books, movies, and AA literature. This history begins with the group’s early struggles and continues through its worldwide growth.
In post-Prohibition 1930s America, it was common to perceive alcoholism as a moral failing, and the medical profession standards of the time treated it as a condition that was likely incurable and lethal.[2] Those without financial resources found help through state hospitals, the Salvation Army, or other charitable and religious groups. Those who could afford psychiatrists or hospitals were subjected to a treatment with Barbiturate and Belladonna known as “purge and puke”[3] or were left in long-term asylum treatment.
تا قبل از سال ۱۹۳۵ میلادی برای الکلیها و معتادان هیچ امیدی وجود نداشت و حتی مشهورترین و حاذقترین روانپزشکان آن دوران از جمله دکتر کارل یونگ (Carl Jung) معروف، از درمان این دسته از بیماران اظهار عجز میکردند.
در سال ۱۹۳۵ میلادی فـردی بنام بیـل ویلسون در اثر تجربــهای ناگهانی و روحانی وسوسه مشروبخواری خود را از دست داد و بر آن شد تا تجربه خود را با طالبان آن در میان بگــذارد و شروع به رساندن این پیام به الکلیهای دیگر کرد که اگر شما هم خدا را پیدا کنید زنـده خواهید ماند و در این میان به فردی بنام دکتـر باب که خود نیز فردی الکلی بود، برخورد کرد. دکتـر باب مطالب دوست مــا بیل را پذیرفت و پس از گذراندن دوره سمزدایی از بستر برخاست و دو نفری به صـورت کاملاً انقلابی به دنبال کمک و رساندن پیام به الکلیهای درمانده بر آمدند، روش این دو نفر اکنون به پایه و اساس انجمن الکلیهای گمنام در آمده است.
روش این گروه استفاده از اصول معنوی و روحانی سادهای است که در کلیه مذاهب عمومیت دارد که به صورت روش دوازده قدمی معروف شده است.
در حال حاضر ۲۵۰ انجمن مختلف با اقتباس از روش الکلیهای گمنام، در زمینه درمان انواع اعتیاد، اختلالات عاطفی، فکری، دردهای مزمن و حتی بیماریهایی نظیر میگرن، سرطان، صرع و …، مشغول به فعالیت هستند.
به عقیده الکلیهای گمنام هر مشکلی که نیرو و علم بشری از حل کردن آن عاجز و درمانده باشد، یک قدرت بسیار بالا (خداوند) میتواند آن را حل کند.
What is the cause of my drinking? When I begin drinking I never intend for it to get so out of control. When I sober up I vow that I’ll never do it again but the day always comes when I drink again. What is wrong with me? Am I supposed to take the advice of a bunch of drunks? What does the medical community think of their program of recovery?
William Silkworth, M.D., a non-alcoholic, gives us his opinion of the soundness of the program of recovery outlined in this book. He also explains his theory of why alcoholics are unable to control their drinking. The doctor’s description of alcoholism shows clearly the dire physical condition of the alcoholic. This illustration begins to explain why the alcoholic is seemingly beyond help.
Dr. Silkworth was the medical director, specializing in the treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts, at the Charles B. Towns Hospital located in New York. What better credentials could a person have to review this program of recovery? Dr. Silkworth’s appraisal of A.A.’s program shows this great appreciateion for it’s effectiveness. He recounts instances of alcoholics, whom he doubted could ever recover, being restored to health by the application of the principles set forth in this volume.
Dr. Silkworth’s theory is that the craving an alcoholic experiences after the consumption of alcohol is the manifestation of an allergy. This seems to make sense in light of our experience. The doctor’s description of the physical symptoms of alcoholism helps us to diagnose ourselves. The doctor continues to describe the symptoms of alcoholism and the different types of alcoholics. Dr. Silkworth plainly states that the general opinion among physicians is that chronic alcoholics are doomed. The doctor finishes on a hopeful note describing how two early A.A. members, though seemingly hopeless, discovered and applied the solution offered in this book.
Dr. Silkworth’s advice is for us to read the book through. His hope is that we will accept the solution offered therein
پس از اولین تأیید دکتر سیلک ورت از الکلیهای گمنام، جوامع پزشکی و پزشکان نقاط مختلف دنیا نیز ما را مورد تأیید قرار دادند. نظرات زیر بوسیله پزشکانی که در کنگره سالانه جامعه پزشکی نیویورک حضور داشتند ابراز شده است.
دکتر فاستر کندی
متخصص اعصاب: «جمعیت الکلیهای گمنام دو منبع از بزرگترین نیروهائی را که تاکنون انسانها بدان پی بردهاند به کار گرفته است، مذهب و غریزه گروهی. به نظر من جامعه پزشکی باید این سلاح درمانی عظیم را با قدردانی مورد تأیید رسمی قرار دهد.»
دکتر جی. کربی کولیر
روانپزشک: «به نظر من الکلیهای گمنام جمعیت خودساختهای است که قادر است بهترین نتیجه ممکن را از رهنمونهای گروهی بدست آورد. هر روش درمانی که بتواند شاخص بهبودی ۵۰ تا ۶۰ درصد داشته باشد سزاوار توجه است.»
دکتر هری. م. تیبو
روانپزشک: «تصور میکنم وظیفه روانپزشک از میان بردن مقاومت درونی بیمار است تا بلکه او بتواند از درون شکفته شود و این همان نتیجهایست که در اثر عملکرد برنامههای الکلیهای گمنام بدست میآید.»
دکتر دبلیو دبلیو باور
«جمعیت الکلیهای گمنام نه ارتش آزادیبخش است و نه یک جمعیت ضد مشروبات. اعضاء میآموزند که به یک قدرت مافوق متکی شوند و خود را در کمک به دیگران رها کنند. آنها روز به روز هشیار میمانند.»
دکتر جان اف استوفر
رئیس بخش روانپزشکی بیمارستان فیلادلفیا: «الکلیهائی که بستری میشوند استطاعت هزینه درمان خصوصی را ندارند و الکلیهای گمنام بهترین وسیلهای است که ما پیشنهاد میکنیم و دگرگونی شخصیتی چشمگیری در آنها دیده میشود.»
جمعیت روانپزشکان آمریکا
در سال ۱۹۴۹ درخواست کرد که مقالهای از طرف یکی از اعضای قدیمی تهیه شود تا در کنگره سالانه خوانده شود. این مقاله در نشریه ماهانه نوامبر ۱۹۴۹ به چاپ رسید و اکنون به صورت جزوه در دسترس اکثر گروهها قرار دارد.
